Location of faults in the circuits
Before igniting the circuit he is for the first time advisable to realize some verifications to the same in order to determine his correct operation and to avoid damages in the components.
The main verifications to realize are:
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To verify that the wiring agrees with the diagram of the design that we are realizing.
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To measure the load and to verify its correct type.
Realized these verifications we will get ready to connect the feeding to the circuit, if the same does not work we will have to verify the following thing:
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To disconnect the feeding of entrance and to verify the wiring again, but now in search of short circuits, we will have to pay special attention to the polarity of the electrolytic capacitores and the silicon rectifiers.
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If we did not find no short circuit the most probable cause of fault usually it is a abierto circuit, being able to be caused by an incorrect connection. To this we will be able to realize it task with a simple one to tester or multímetro that it measures continuity, reviewing all the welds to verify that correctly they have been realized and also the continuity of the tracks of the printed circuit since it can happen that some of these is in open circuit.
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To measure the tensions and resistance to determine the fault section. In case of suspecting itself that some of the active components (transistors, diodes, etc.) is working bad we will be able to use the circuits of test of components realized in this same section.
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If it were that all the active components are in good conditions, will be necessary to examine the liabilities (resistance and capacitores), looking for short circuits or losses and discontinuity.
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If the circuit works but we do not obtain the wished yield the fault can be in which the present value of the components does not correspond with the specified one, being something greater or something smaller, this causes that if all, or the majority of the components, is outside tolerance in a sense, the individual sum of all these small differences in resistance and capacitances can affect in significant form the operation of the circuit. A form to solve this can change the resistance or capacitores by others whose tolerance is smaller (it remítase to chapter 1 of the electronics manual, in which observation becomes of the components liabilities and their tolerances), also it will be possible to be changed to these components by others of a high or but low value but.
The success in the verification of faults depends on the experience and knowledge of the operator, since many of these faults would happen inadvertent to a nascent one or if the circuit with the sufficient minusciosidad like being able has not studied to detect where it is failing the circuit.
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